Sexual Reproduction in flowering Plants

Germination of pollen grain on stigma is – in-situ and in-vivo. how ?

free, NCERT LINE BY LINE, Sexual Reproduction in flowering Plants / Prof. Siddharth Sanghvi

Pollen Germination Terms Pollen Germination: Terms Explained Question Germination of pollen grain on stigma is: (1) ex-situ (2) in-situ (3) in-vivo (4) More than one correct Answer ✅ Correct Answer: (2) in-situ and (3) in-vivo ➡️ So, option (4) “More than one correct” is the right choice. Explanation Germination on stigma happens inside the flower […]

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NCERT-Continued self pollination lead to inbreeding depression

NCERT LINE BY LINE, Sexual Reproduction in flowering Plants / Prof. Siddharth Sanghvi

Inbreeding Depression in Plants Inbreeding Depression in Plants Inbreeding depression refers to the reduced biological fitness in a population due to increased homozygosity, which results in the expression of deleterious recessive alleles. This leads to reduced vigor, fertility, and adaptability. How Self-Pollination Leads to Inbreeding Depression Self-pollination increases homozygosity over generations. Recessive alleles, normally hidden

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Double fertilization is an event unique to flowering plants.

NCERT LINE BY LINE, Sexual Reproduction in flowering Plants / Prof. Siddharth Sanghvi

Double Fertilization – Assertion & Reason Assertion & Reason – Double Fertilization Assertion (A): Double fertilization is an event unique to flowering plants. Reason (R): Since two types of fusions, syngamy and triple fusion, take place in an embryo sac, the phenomenon is termed double fertilization. Choose the correct answer: (1) Both Assertion & Reason

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Special Integuments – Aril and Caruncle or Strophiole

NCERT LINE BY LINE, Sexual Reproduction in flowering Plants / Prof. Siddharth Sanghvi

Caruncle and Aril: Structures and Significance Feature Caruncle Aril Definition A spongy, bilobed outgrowth of the outer integument or testa of the seed. Found in castor seed (Ricinus communis), soft and fleshy. A post-fertilization fleshy, collar-like outgrowth of the funicle at the micropylar end in the pericarp. Functions Water Absorption: Aids in imbibition, helping germination.

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Cleistogamy is a highly advantageous strategy in stable or harsh environments, where ensuring reproduction outweighs the need for genetic diversity. However, it is often complemented by chasmogamous flowers in plants that balance the need for self-pollination with opportunities for cross-pollination, allowing them to enjoy the benefits of both strategies.

NCERT LINE BY LINE, Sexual Reproduction in flowering Plants / Prof. Siddharth Sanghvi

Cleistogamous Flowers: Benefits and Features Aspect Description Protection Cleistogamous flowers near the soil level are protected from harsh environmental conditions like wind, rain, and excessive heat. Self-pollination Efficiency Being close to the ground minimizes disturbances, making the self-pollination process efficient. Energy Conservation Flowers save energy by not producing elaborate structures for pollinator attraction. Seed Dispersal

Cleistogamy is a highly advantageous strategy in stable or harsh environments, where ensuring reproduction outweighs the need for genetic diversity. However, it is often complemented by chasmogamous flowers in plants that balance the need for self-pollination with opportunities for cross-pollination, allowing them to enjoy the benefits of both strategies. Read More »

NCERT-NEET-Pollination-In the preceding sections you have learnt that the male and female gametesin flowering plants are produced in the pollen grain and embryo sac,respectively. As both types of gametes are non-motile, they have to be brought together for fertilisation to occur. How is this achieved?

NCERT LINE BY LINE, pre-class, Sexual Reproduction in flowering Plants / Prof. Siddharth Sanghvi

The Pistil, Megasporangium (Ovule) and Embryo Sac Line 1: Pollination Explanation: This line sets the stage for the main topic: the process of pollination in flowering plants. Flowering plants rely on pollination for the transfer of pollen grains, containing male gametes, to the stigma, the receptive surface of the pistil, where fertilization occurs. Lines 2-4:

NCERT-NEET-Pollination-In the preceding sections you have learnt that the male and female gametesin flowering plants are produced in the pollen grain and embryo sac,respectively. As both types of gametes are non-motile, they have to be brought together for fertilisation to occur. How is this achieved? Read More »

NCERT-Seed-In angiosperms, the seed is the final product of sexual reproduction.Seeds offer several advantages to angiosperms. Firstly, since reproductive processes such as pollination and fertilisation are independent of water, seed formation is more dependable

NCERT LINE BY LINE, pre-class, Sexual Reproduction in flowering Plants / Prof. Siddharth Sanghvi

The Pistil, Megasporangium (Ovule) and Embryo Sac Line 1: In angiosperms, the seed is the final product of sexual reproduction. Explanation: In the world of flowering plants (angiosperms), sexual reproduction culminates in the formation of a seed. This seed is essentially a fertilized ovule (egg) that has undergone a remarkable transformation. Line 2: It is

NCERT-Seed-In angiosperms, the seed is the final product of sexual reproduction.Seeds offer several advantages to angiosperms. Firstly, since reproductive processes such as pollination and fertilisation are independent of water, seed formation is more dependable Read More »

NCERT-Add on-Pollen-pistil Interaction

NCERT LINE BY LINE, pre-class, Sexual Reproduction in flowering Plants / Prof. Siddharth Sanghvi

Pollen-pistil Interaction Pollen-Pistil Interaction: Understanding the Dance of Reproduction In the intricate world of flowering plants, the interaction between pollen and the pistil orchestrates the delicate ballet of reproduction. This interaction, crucial for successful fertilization, involves a complex dialogue between the male gametophyte (pollen) and the female reproductive structure (pistil). Let’s unravel the steps of

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NCERT-Pollen-pistil Interaction

NCERT LINE BY LINE, pre-class, Sexual Reproduction in flowering Plants / Prof. Siddharth Sanghvi

The Pistil, Megasporangium (Ovule) and Embryo Sac Line 1: Pollen-pistil Interaction: Pollination does not guarantee successful fertilization. Explanation: While pollination successfully transfers pollen grains to the stigma, it doesn’t guarantee these grains will be compatible with the pistil. Line 2: Often, pollen of the wrong type (incompatible) also lands on the stigma. Explanation: Pollen grains

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NCERT-DOUBLE FERTILISATION and POST-FERTILISATION : STRUCTURES AND EVENTS

NCERT LINE BY LINE, pre-class, Sexual Reproduction in flowering Plants / Prof. Siddharth Sanghvi

The Pistil, Megasporangium (Ovule) and Embryo Sac Line 1: After entering one of the synergids, the pollen tube releases the two male gametes into the cytoplasm of the synergid. Explanation: Imagine the pollen tube as a long, thin tube that has traveled from the stigma down the style and finally reached the ovule within the

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