NCERT-Animal Kingdom -When you look around, you will observe different animals with differentstructures and forms. As over a million species of animals have beendescribed till now, the need for classification becomes all the moreimportant. The classification also helps in assigning a systematic positionto newly described species.

Animal Classification

Phylum/Class	Description	Examples
Porifera	Primitive multicellular animals with cellular level of organisation. Asymmetrical; marine; water transport or canal system; reproduction both sexually and asexually.	Sycon, Euspongia, Spongilla
Coelenterata (Cnidaria)	Radially symmetrical, diploblastic; tissue level of organisation; presence of cnidoblasts; two basic body forms – polyp and medusa; alternation of generation.	Physalia, Adamsia, Pennatula, Gorgonia, Meandrina
Ctenophora	Radially symmetrical, diploblastic; tissue level of organisation; possess external rows of ciliated comb plates for locomotion; bioluminescent.	Pleurobrachia, Ctenoplana
Platyhelminthes	Dorso-ventrally flattened body; bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic; acoelomate with organ level of organisation; many endoparasitic species.	Taenia, Fasciola
Aschelminthes	Circular body cross-section; bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic; pseudocoelomate with organ-system level of organisation; some parasitic, others freeliving.	Ascaris, Wuchereria, Ancylostoma
Annelida	Segmented body; bilateral symmetry; triploblastic, coelomate with organ-system level of organisation; possess parapodia for locomotion; closed circulatory system.	Nereis, Pheretima, Hirudinaria
Arthropoda	Largest phylum; bilateral symmetry; triploblastic, segmented and coelomate; covered by chitinous exoskeleton; jointed appendages; open circulatory system.	Locusta, Butterfly, Scorpion, Prawn
Mollusca	Second largest phylum; bilateral symmetry; triploblastic, coelomate; possess mantle, visceral hump, and muscular foot; usually covered by calcareous shell.	Pila, Octopus
Echinodermata	Radial symmetry in adults; triploblastic, coelomate; endoskeleton of calcareous ossicles; water vascular system for locomotion and food capture.	Asterias, Echinus, Antedon
Hemichordata	Bilaterally symmetrical; triploblastic, coelomate; possess stomochord; cylindrical body with proboscis, collar, and trunk.	Balanoglossus, Saccoglossus
Chordata	Notochord, dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal gill slits, post-anal tail; divided into subphyla Urochordata, Cephalochordata, and Vertebrata.	Ascidia, Branchiostoma, Homo sapiens
Cyclostomata	Jawless vertebrates; ectoparasites on fish; elongated body with circular mouth; persistent notochord.	Petromyzon, Myxine
Chondrichthyes	Cartilaginous endoskeleton; separate gill slits; tooth-like scales; powerful jaws; cold-blooded; internal fertilisation.	Scoliodon, Pristis, Carcharodon
Osteichthyes	Bony endoskeleton; operculum covering gills; presence of air bladder; cold-blooded; mostly external fertilisation.	Exocoetus, Hippocampus, Labeo
Amphibia	Moist skin; respiration through gills, lungs, and skin; three-chambered heart; oviparous; indirect development.	Bufo, Rana, Salamandra
Reptilia	Dry, scaly skin; two pairs of limbs; three-chambered heart (except crocodiles); oviparous; direct development.	Chameleon, Crocodilus, Naja
Aves	Presence of feathers; forelimbs modified into wings; four-chambered heart; warm-blooded; oviparous.	Corvus, Columba, Struthio
Mammalia	Presence of mammary glands; hair on skin; four-chambered heart; warm-blooded; mostly viviparous.	Ornithorhynchus, Macropus, Pteropus, Balaenoptera

Animal Classification

Phylum	Class	Examples
Porifera		Sycon, Euspongia, Spongilla
Coelenterata		Aurelia (Medusa), Adamsia (Polyp), Physalia (Portuguese man-of-war), Pennatula (Sea-pen), Gorgonia (Sea-fan), Meandrina (Brain coral)
Ctenophora		Pleurobrachia, Ctenoplana
Platyhelminthes		Taenia (Tapeworm), Fasciola (Liver fluke), Planaria
Aschelminthes		Ascaris (Roundworm), Wuchereria (Filaria worm), Ancylostoma (Hookworm)
Annelida		Nereis, Pheretima (Earthworm), Hirudinaria (Blood sucking leech)
Arthropoda		Locusta (Locust), Butterfly, Scorpion, Prawn, Apis (Honey bee), Bombyx (Silkworm), Laccifer (Lac insect), Anopheles (Mosquito), Culex (Mosquito), Aedes (Mosquito)
Mollusca		Pila (Apple snail), Pinctada (Pearl oyster), Sepia (Cuttlefish), Loligo (Squid), Octopus (Devil fish), Aplysia (Seahare), Dentalium (Tusk shell), Chaetopleura (Chiton)
Echinodermata		Asterias (Star fish), Echinus (Sea urchin), Antedon (Sea lily), Cucumaria (Sea cucumber), Ophiura (Brittle star)
Hemichordata		Balanoglossus, Saccoglossus
Chordata	Cyclostomata	Petromyzon (Lamprey), Myxine (Hagfish)
Chondrichthyes		Scoliodon (Dog fish), Pristis (Saw fish), Carcharodon (Great white shark), Trygon (Sting ray)
Osteichthyes		Exocoetus (Flying fish), Hippocampus (Sea horse), Labeo (Rohu), Catla (Katla), Clarias (Magur), Betta (Fighting fish), Pterophyllum (Angel fish)
Amphibia		Bufo (Toad), Rana (Frog), Hyla (Tree frog), Salamandra (Salamander), Ichthyophis (Limbless amphibian)
Reptilia		Chelone (Turtle), Testudo (Tortoise), Chameleon (Tree lizard), Calotes (Garden lizard), Crocodilus (Crocodile), Alligator (Alligator), Hemidactylus (Wall lizard), Naja (Cobra), Bangarus (Krait), Vipera (Viper)
Aves		Corvus (Crow), Columba (Pigeon), Psittacula (Parrot), Struthio (Ostrich), Pavo (Peacock), Aptenodytes (Penguin), Neophron (Vulture)
Mammalia		Ornithorhynchus (Platypus), Macropus (Kangaroo), Pteropus (Flying fox), Camelus (Camel), Macaca (Monkey), Rattus (Rat), Canis (Dog), Felis (Cat), Elephas (Elephant), Equus (Horse), Delphinus (Common dolphin), Balaenoptera (Blue whale), Panthera tigris (Tiger), Panthera leo (Lion)