CELL: THE UNIT OF LIFE

Understanding Polymorphic & Pleomorphic Nature of Lysosomes and Golgi Apparatus

CELL: THE UNIT OF LIFE, NCERT LINE BY LINE, pre-class /

Polymorphic Lysosomes Poly = many, morphic = forms Exist in different forms within the same cell. Hover to see types Primary lysosome: Inactive enzymes Secondary lysosome: Active digestion Residual body: Waste-filled Autophagic vacuole: Self-organelle digestion Example: Macrophages show all types simultaneously. Pleomorphic Lysosomes Pleo = varied, morphic = forms Shape varies by activity and cell […]

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Understanding Polymorphic & Pleomorphic Nature of Lysosomes and Golgi Apparatus

CELL: THE UNIT OF LIFE, NCERT LINE BY LINE, pre-class /

Polymorphic Lysosomes Poly = many, morphic = forms → having many forms Lysosomes are polymorphic because they exist in several forms within the same cell, depending on their function: Primary lysosome: Inactive enzymes Secondary lysosome: Active digestion Residual body: Waste-filled Autophagic vacuole: Self-organelle digestion Example: Macrophages show all types simultaneously. Pleomorphic Lysosomes Pleo = varied,

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Mesosomes are in the form of vesicles, tubules and lamellae

CELL: THE UNIT OF LIFE, NCERT LINE BY LINE, pre-class, Uncategorized /

Difference between Forms of Mesosomes – Lamellae and Tubules Difference between Forms of Mesosomes – Lamellae and Tubules The primary cell wall in plants is capable of growth, which gradually diminishes. 🔬 Mesosome Forms: Tubules vs Lamellae Mesosomes are infoldings of the plasma membrane found in prokaryotic cells. They come in different structural forms based

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The cell wall of a young plant cell, the primary wall is capable of growth, which gradually diminishes as the cell matures

CELL: THE UNIT OF LIFE, NCERT LINE BY LINE, pre-class /

Primary Cell Wall Card “The primary cell wall in plants is capable of growth, which gradually diminishes.” EXplnation of Lines – From NCERT 🌱 What is the Primary Cell Wall? The primary cell wall is the first layer of the cell wall that is formed in young, growing plant cells. It is: Thin, flexible, and

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Cytoskeleton, Microtubules, Microfilaments, cilia, flagella, Centriole – NCERT EXTENDED

CELL: THE UNIT OF LIFE, NCERT LINE BY LINE, pre-class /

Cytoskeleton Types and Comparison Table Category Microtubules (Tubulin Polymers) Microfilaments (Actin Filaments) Intermediate Filaments (Keratin, Lamin) Structure Hollow tubes (13 columns of tubulin dimers) Two intertwined strands of actin Fibrous proteins supercoiled into thicker cables Diameter 25 nm (15 nm lumen) 7 nm 8–12 nm Protein Subunits Tubulin (α-tubulin + β-tubulin) Actin Keratin, Lamin, others

Cytoskeleton, Microtubules, Microfilaments, cilia, flagella, Centriole – NCERT EXTENDED Read More »

“Compound Microscope vs Electron Microscopes (SEM & TEM): Resolution, Examples & Differences”

Animal Tissue, CELL: THE UNIT OF LIFE, MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE, NCERT LINE BY LINE, Zoology /

🔬 Comparison: Compound Microscope vs SEM vs TEM Radiation Source Light Microscope: Visible Light SEM: Electron Beam TEM: Electron Beam Wavelength Light Microscope: 400–700 nm SEM/TEM: ~0.005 nm Resolution Limit Light Microscope: ~200 nm SEM: ~1–10 nm TEM: ~0.1–0.2 nm Magnification Light Microscope: 40x – 2000x SEM: Up to 500,000x TEM: Up to 2,000,000x Image

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NCERT-NEET-The Golgi cisternae are concentrically arranged near the nucleus

NCERT-NEET-The Golgi cisternae are concentrically arranged near the nucleus

CELL: THE UNIT OF LIFE, NCERT LINE BY LINE, pre-class /

Golgi Apparatus – Concentric Cisternae Near the Nucleus The Golgi apparatus is a key organelle in eukaryotic cells, made up of flat, membrane-bound sacs called cisternae. These cisternae are concentrically arranged near the nucleus. “Concentrically arranged” means the cisternae are organized in curved or ring-like layers, one around the other — much like ripples in

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Bacteria can be classified into two groups on the basis of the differences in the cell envelopes and the manner in which they respond to the staining procedure developed by Gram viz., those that take up the gram stain are Gram positive and the others that do not are called Gram negative bacteria.

Bacteria can be classified into two groups on the basis of the differences in the cell envelopes and the manner in which they respond to the staining procedure developed by Gram viz., those that take up the gram stain are Gram positive and the others that do not are called Gram negative bacteria.

CELL: THE UNIT OF LIFE, NCERT LINE BY LINE, pre-class /

Gram staining is a method used to classify bacteria into two groups based on the characteristics of their cell walls. Here’s a breakdown of the Gram staining process, which is best visualized with a flowchart: Fixation: Bacteria are fixed to a slide by heat. Primary Stain: Crystal violet stain is applied. Mordant: Iodine solution is

Bacteria can be classified into two groups on the basis of the differences in the cell envelopes and the manner in which they respond to the staining procedure developed by Gram viz., those that take up the gram stain are Gram positive and the others that do not are called Gram negative bacteria. Read More »

Structure of Cilia and Flagella – Why do cilia and flagella have singlet microtubules in the hub but not in the basal body?

CELL: THE UNIT OF LIFE, NCERT LINE BY LINE /

Structure of Cilia and Flagella Structure of Cilia and Flagella Why do cilia and flagella have singlet microtubules in the hub but not in the basal body? Cilia and flagella are complex cellular structures responsible for motility and fluid movement. Their structural organization is key to their function, and the arrangement of microtubules within them

Structure of Cilia and Flagella – Why do cilia and flagella have singlet microtubules in the hub but not in the basal body? Read More »

NEET-NCERT-Mitochondria (sing.: mitochondrion), unless specifically stained, are not easily visible under the microscope. The number of mitochondria per cell is variable depending on the physiological activity of the cells.Plastids are found in all plant cells and in euglenoides.

NEET-NCERT-Mitochondria (sing.: mitochondrion), unless specifically stained, are not easily visible under the microscope. The number of mitochondria per cell is variable depending on the physiological activity of the cells.Plastids are found in all plant cells and in euglenoides.

CELL: THE UNIT OF LIFE, NCERT LINE BY LINE, pre-class /

Mitochondria Line 1: Mitochondria (sing.: mitochondrion), unless specifically stained, are not easily visible under the microscope. Explanation: This line introduces mitochondria and highlights that they are challenging to see under a microscope without special staining techniques due to their small size and colorless nature. Line 2: The number of mitochondria per cell is variable depending

NEET-NCERT-Mitochondria (sing.: mitochondrion), unless specifically stained, are not easily visible under the microscope. The number of mitochondria per cell is variable depending on the physiological activity of the cells.Plastids are found in all plant cells and in euglenoides. Read More »