pre-class – Page 10

NCERT-You are probably familiar with this scene from a typical hospital television show: A patient is hooked up to a monitoring machine that shows voltage traces on a screen and makes the sound “… pip… pip… pip…..peeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee” as the patient goes into cardiac arrest

Understanding Your Heartbeat: A Guide to Electrocardiograms (ECG) Understanding Your Heartbeat: A Guide to Electrocardiograms (ECG) Have you ever seen a scene in a medical drama where a patient is hooked up to a machine with beeping sounds and a squiggly line on a screen? That machine is called an electrocardiograph (ECG), which measures the […]

NCERT-You are probably familiar with this scene from a typical hospital television show: A patient is hooked up to a monitoring machine that shows voltage traces on a screen and makes the sound “… pip… pip… pip…..peeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee” as the patient goes into cardiac arrest Read More »

NCERT-As traditional breeding techniques failed to keep pace with demand and to provide sufficiently fast and efficient systems for crop improvement,another technology called tissue culture got developed

free, pre-class / Prof. Siddharth Sanghvi

Traditional Breeding Limitations and the Rise of Tissue Culture Traditional Breeding Limitations and the Rise of Tissue Culture Traditional breeding techniques, while instrumental in agricultural development, often struggle to keep pace with the growing demand for improved crops. To address these limitations, a revolutionary technology called tissue culture emerged in the 1950s. What is Tissue

NCERT-As traditional breeding techniques failed to keep pace with demand and to provide sufficiently fast and efficient systems for crop improvement,another technology called tissue culture got developed Read More »

NCERT-All single-celled eukaryotes are placed under Protista, but the boundaries of this kingdom are not well defined. What may be ‘a photosynthetic protistan’ to one biologist may be ‘a plant’ to another

pre-class / Prof. Siddharth Sanghvi

Protist Group Comparison Group Structure Special Characteristics Reproduction Commercial Uses Examples Pigment Chrysophytes Microscopic, planktonic Diatoms: Silica cell walls; Golden algae: Cellulose cell walls Asexual (fission), sexual Diatomaceous earth (polishing, filtration) Diatoms (e.g., Thalassiosira), Golden algae (e.g., Desmidium) Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll c, fucoxanthin Dinoflagellates Mostly marine, photosynthetic Cell wall with cellulose plates; Two flagella (longitudinal

NCERT-All single-celled eukaryotes are placed under Protista, but the boundaries of this kingdom are not well defined. What may be ‘a photosynthetic protistan’ to one biologist may be ‘a plant’ to another Read More »

NCERT-Biogas is a mixture of gases (containing predominantly methane) producedby the microbial activity and which may be used as fuel.

pre-class / Prof. Siddharth Sanghvi

Biogas Plant Flow Diagram with Explanations Biogas Plant Flow Diagram with Explanations Process Steps: Feedstock Preparation: Input: Organic matter like manure, agricultural waste, food scraps, etc. Physics/Chemistry: Size reduction through grinding or chopping increases surface area for efficient microbial digestion. High moisture content (60-80%) is optimal for microbial activity. Biology: No specific biological activity occurs

NCERT-Biogas is a mixture of gases (containing predominantly methane) producedby the microbial activity and which may be used as fuel. Read More »

NCERT-The largely tropical Amazonian rain forest in South America has the greatest biodiversity on earth

pre-class / Prof. Siddharth Sanghvi

The Amazon Rainforest: A Life-Giving Labyrinth of Green The Amazon Rainforest: A Life-Giving Labyrinth of Green Welcome to the heart of biodiversity, the Amazon rainforest – a vast, vibrant ecosystem spanning eight countries in South America. This verdant labyrinth holds secrets within its emerald embrace, from towering giants reaching towards the sun to hidden creatures

NCERT-The largely tropical Amazonian rain forest in South America has the greatest biodiversity on earth Read More »

NCERT-Reproduction in fungi can take place by vegetative means –fragmentation, fission and budding. Asexual reproduction is by spores called conidia or sporangiospores or zoospores, and sexual reproduction is by oospores, ascospores and basidiospores.

pre-class / Prof. Siddharth Sanghvi

Fungi Classification Class Character Type of Mycelium Type of Reproduction Name of Spore in Asexual Reproduction Name of Spore in Sexual Reproduction Examples Phycomycetes Found in aquatic habitats or on decaying wood; aseptate, coenocytic mycelium Aseptate, coenocytic Asexual: zoospores or aplanospores; Sexual: zygospores Zoospores or aplanospores Zygospores Mucor, Rhizopus, Albugo Ascomycetes Mostly multicellular; branched, septate

NCERT-Reproduction in fungi can take place by vegetative means –fragmentation, fission and budding. Asexual reproduction is by spores called conidia or sporangiospores or zoospores, and sexual reproduction is by oospores, ascospores and basidiospores. Read More »

NCERT-BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION-The morphology of the mycelium, mode of spore formation and fruiting bodies form the basis for the division of the kingdom into various classes.

pre-class / Prof. Siddharth Sanghvi

Assertion and Reason in Fungal Classification Assertion and Reason in Fungal Classification Assertion: The morphology of the mycelium, mode of spore formation and fruiting bodies form the basis for the division of the kingdom Fungi into various classes. Reason: These characteristics reflect fundamental differences in the biology and life cycles of different fungal groups. Evaluation:

NCERT-BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION-The morphology of the mycelium, mode of spore formation and fruiting bodies form the basis for the division of the kingdom into various classes. Read More »

NCERT-LIVING WORLD-PART-1-INTRODUCTION TO DIVERSITY IN THE LIVING WORLD – Unveiling Earth’s Breathtaking Tapestry: A Deep Dive into the Living World

pre-class / Prof. Siddharth Sanghvi

Unveiling Earth’s Breathtaking Tapestry: A Deep Dive into the Living World Unveiling Earth’s Breathtaking Tapestry Imagine a world teeming with life in all shapes, sizes, and colors – from towering redwoods piercing the sky to microscopic bacteria thriving in the ocean’s depths. This incredible diversity, known as biodiversity, is the very essence of our planet.

NCERT-LIVING WORLD-PART-1-INTRODUCTION TO DIVERSITY IN THE LIVING WORLD – Unveiling Earth’s Breathtaking Tapestry: A Deep Dive into the Living World Read More »

4 Different Ways to Remember Process in Sewage Treatment Plant

MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE, NCERT LINE BY LINE, pre-class / Prof. Siddharth Sanghvi

4 Different Ways to Remember Sewage Treatment Plant 4 Different Ways to Remember Sewage Treatment Plant – 1st Raw Sewage Inlet Introduction of untreated sewage into the treatment plant. Large Debris and Grit Removal Removal of large debris and trapping of grit. Formation of primary sludge. Difference: Primary sludge comprises settleable solids, grit, and other

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The Future is Micro-tastic!

pre-class / Prof. Siddharth Sanghvi

Microorganism Information Lactobacillus Role: Produces lactic acid Example: Yogurt, cheese Application: Improves digestion and gut health Description: Lactobacillus is commonly found in fermented dairy and vegetable products. It plays a key role in the production of lactic acid, which gives these foods their characteristic tangy flavor. Additionally, Lactobacillus strains are known for their beneficial effects

The Future is Micro-tastic! Read More »